document_id
int32
185
2.68k
question
stringlengths
11
194
id
int32
225
5.32k
answers
listlengths
1
1
chunks
listlengths
5
52
correct_chunks
listlengths
0
1
num_words
int64
404
5.47k
num_tokens
int64
652
7.87k
1,591
How large is the HMPV genome?
4,063
[ "13 kb" ]
[ "Whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of human metapneumovirus strains from Kenya and Zambia\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6941262/\n\nSHA: f5ae3f66face323615df39d838e056ab5fcc98df\n\nAuthors: Kamau, Everlyn; Oketch, John W.; de Laurent, Zaydah R.; Phan, My V. T.; Agoti, Charles N.; N...
[ 3 ]
3,369
4,947
1,591
How many open reading frames are in the HMPV genome?
4,064
[ "eight" ]
[ "Whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of human metapneumovirus strains from Kenya and Zambia\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6941262/\n\nSHA: f5ae3f66face323615df39d838e056ab5fcc98df\n\nAuthors: Kamau, Everlyn; Oketch, John W.; de Laurent, Zaydah R.; Phan, My V. T.; Agoti, Charles N.; N...
[ 3 ]
3,369
4,947
1,591
What are the two major genotypes of HMPV?
4,065
[ "A and B" ]
[ "Whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of human metapneumovirus strains from Kenya and Zambia\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6941262/\n\nSHA: f5ae3f66face323615df39d838e056ab5fcc98df\n\nAuthors: Kamau, Everlyn; Oketch, John W.; de Laurent, Zaydah R.; Phan, My V. T.; Agoti, Charles N.; N...
[ 1 ]
3,369
4,947
1,591
What is the most common subgroup of HMPV?
4,066
[ "HMPV A2" ]
[ "Whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of human metapneumovirus strains from Kenya and Zambia\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6941262/\n\nSHA: f5ae3f66face323615df39d838e056ab5fcc98df\n\nAuthors: Kamau, Everlyn; Oketch, John W.; de Laurent, Zaydah R.; Phan, My V. T.; Agoti, Charles N.; N...
[ 3 ]
3,369
4,947
1,591
Who accounted for 44% of HMPV positive cases in Kenya between 2007 and 2011?
4,067
[ "children under 6 months of age" ]
[ "Whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of human metapneumovirus strains from Kenya and Zambia\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6941262/\n\nSHA: f5ae3f66face323615df39d838e056ab5fcc98df\n\nAuthors: Kamau, Everlyn; Oketch, John W.; de Laurent, Zaydah R.; Phan, My V. T.; Agoti, Charles N.; N...
[ 4 ]
3,369
4,947
1,591
What does this study describe?
4,068
[ "a whole genome sequencing (WGS) approach for HMPV" ]
[ "Whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of human metapneumovirus strains from Kenya and Zambia\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6941262/\n\nSHA: f5ae3f66face323615df39d838e056ab5fcc98df\n\nAuthors: Kamau, Everlyn; Oketch, John W.; de Laurent, Zaydah R.; Phan, My V. T.; Agoti, Charles N.; N...
[ 8 ]
3,369
4,947
1,591
What was the difference in the group A and B genomes?
4,069
[ "The length of the F-M2 intergenic region" ]
[ "Whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of human metapneumovirus strains from Kenya and Zambia\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6941262/\n\nSHA: f5ae3f66face323615df39d838e056ab5fcc98df\n\nAuthors: Kamau, Everlyn; Oketch, John W.; de Laurent, Zaydah R.; Phan, My V. T.; Agoti, Charles N.; N...
[ 10 ]
3,369
4,947
1,579
What was the purpose of this study?
4,077
[ "to comprehensively investigate the viral epidemiology of adult RTIs" ]
[ "Viral Respiratory Tract Infections in Adult Patients Attending Outpatient and Emergency Departments, Taiwan, 2012–2013: A PCR/Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Study\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4635751/\n\nSHA: ef6361c7bffb9e92f397d7004bfb3a9c804d7c6a\n\nAuthors: Shih, Hsin-I; Wang, Hsu...
[ 1 ]
3,860
6,013
1,579
How many control samples were used in this study?
4,078
[ "27" ]
[ "Viral Respiratory Tract Infections in Adult Patients Attending Outpatient and Emergency Departments, Taiwan, 2012–2013: A PCR/Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Study\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4635751/\n\nSHA: ef6361c7bffb9e92f397d7004bfb3a9c804d7c6a\n\nAuthors: Shih, Hsin-I; Wang, Hsu...
[ 1 ]
3,860
6,013
1,579
What was the prevalence of coinfection?
4,079
[ "4.1% of cases" ]
[ "Viral Respiratory Tract Infections in Adult Patients Attending Outpatient and Emergency Departments, Taiwan, 2012–2013: A PCR/Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Study\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4635751/\n\nSHA: ef6361c7bffb9e92f397d7004bfb3a9c804d7c6a\n\nAuthors: Shih, Hsin-I; Wang, Hsu...
[ 2 ]
3,860
6,013
1,579
What risks factors were associated with lower RTIs?
4,080
[ "parainfluenza infection, old age, and immunosuppression" ]
[ "Viral Respiratory Tract Infections in Adult Patients Attending Outpatient and Emergency Departments, Taiwan, 2012–2013: A PCR/Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Study\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4635751/\n\nSHA: ef6361c7bffb9e92f397d7004bfb3a9c804d7c6a\n\nAuthors: Shih, Hsin-I; Wang, Hsu...
[ 3 ]
3,860
6,013
1,579
What tests can simultaneously identify and subtype multiple respiratory viruses?
4,081
[ "multilocus polymerase chain reaction coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry" ]
[ "Viral Respiratory Tract Infections in Adult Patients Attending Outpatient and Emergency Departments, Taiwan, 2012–2013: A PCR/Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Study\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4635751/\n\nSHA: ef6361c7bffb9e92f397d7004bfb3a9c804d7c6a\n\nAuthors: Shih, Hsin-I; Wang, Hsu...
[ 6 ]
3,860
6,013
1,579
What was the definition for an immunocompromised state in this study?
4,082
[ "corticosteroid treatment, solid organ or hematopoietic stem cell recipient, or chemotherapy for an underlying malignancy during the past 6 months" ]
[ "Viral Respiratory Tract Infections in Adult Patients Attending Outpatient and Emergency Departments, Taiwan, 2012–2013: A PCR/Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Study\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4635751/\n\nSHA: ef6361c7bffb9e92f397d7004bfb3a9c804d7c6a\n\nAuthors: Shih, Hsin-I; Wang, Hsu...
[ 8 ]
3,860
6,013
1,579
What was the length of the study?
4,083
[ "9-month" ]
[ "Viral Respiratory Tract Infections in Adult Patients Attending Outpatient and Emergency Departments, Taiwan, 2012–2013: A PCR/Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Study\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4635751/\n\nSHA: ef6361c7bffb9e92f397d7004bfb3a9c804d7c6a\n\nAuthors: Shih, Hsin-I; Wang, Hsu...
[ 15 ]
3,860
6,013
1,579
How many patients had acute RTIs?
4,084
[ "263" ]
[ "Viral Respiratory Tract Infections in Adult Patients Attending Outpatient and Emergency Departments, Taiwan, 2012–2013: A PCR/Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Study\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4635751/\n\nSHA: ef6361c7bffb9e92f397d7004bfb3a9c804d7c6a\n\nAuthors: Shih, Hsin-I; Wang, Hsu...
[ 15 ]
3,860
6,013
1,579
What was the most frequent coinfection?
4,085
[ "rhinovirus" ]
[ "Viral Respiratory Tract Infections in Adult Patients Attending Outpatient and Emergency Departments, Taiwan, 2012–2013: A PCR/Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Study\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4635751/\n\nSHA: ef6361c7bffb9e92f397d7004bfb3a9c804d7c6a\n\nAuthors: Shih, Hsin-I; Wang, Hsu...
[ 1 ]
3,860
6,013
1,583
What health regulations were changes due to the outbreak of C. burnetti?
5,201
[ "forbid the display of sheep in the latter third of their pregnancy and require regular testing of animals for C. burnetii in petting zoos" ]
[ "A super-spreading ewe infects hundreds with Q fever at a farmers' market in Germany\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1618839/\n\nSHA: ee1b5a9618dcc4080ed100486cedd0969e80fa4d\n\nAuthors: Porten, Klaudia; Rissland, Jürgen; Tigges, Almira; Broll, Susanne; Hopp, Wilfried; Lunemann, Mechthild; van Treec...
[ 43 ]
4,870
6,396
1,583
What was the median seropresence of C. burnetti in sheep flocks not linked to human outbreaks?
5,202
[ "1%" ]
[ "A super-spreading ewe infects hundreds with Q fever at a farmers' market in Germany\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1618839/\n\nSHA: ee1b5a9618dcc4080ed100486cedd0969e80fa4d\n\nAuthors: Porten, Klaudia; Rissland, Jürgen; Tigges, Almira; Broll, Susanne; Hopp, Wilfried; Lunemann, Mechthild; van Treec...
[ 23 ]
4,870
6,396
1,583
What important risk factors to infection were found during the second case-controlled study?
5,203
[ "close proximity to the ewe and duration of exposure" ]
[ "A super-spreading ewe infects hundreds with Q fever at a farmers' market in Germany\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1618839/\n\nSHA: ee1b5a9618dcc4080ed100486cedd0969e80fa4d\n\nAuthors: Porten, Klaudia; Rissland, Jürgen; Tigges, Almira; Broll, Susanne; Hopp, Wilfried; Lunemann, Mechthild; van Treec...
[ 34 ]
4,870
6,396
1,583
What was the interquartile range of the incubation period?
5,204
[ "16 to 24 days" ]
[ "A super-spreading ewe infects hundreds with Q fever at a farmers' market in Germany\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1618839/\n\nSHA: ee1b5a9618dcc4080ed100486cedd0969e80fa4d\n\nAuthors: Porten, Klaudia; Rissland, Jürgen; Tigges, Almira; Broll, Susanne; Hopp, Wilfried; Lunemann, Mechthild; van Treec...
[ 32 ]
4,870
6,396
1,583
How many controls were used in the second case study?
5,205
[ "36" ]
[ "A super-spreading ewe infects hundreds with Q fever at a farmers' market in Germany\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1618839/\n\nSHA: ee1b5a9618dcc4080ed100486cedd0969e80fa4d\n\nAuthors: Porten, Klaudia; Rissland, Jürgen; Tigges, Almira; Broll, Susanne; Hopp, Wilfried; Lunemann, Mechthild; van Treec...
[ 15 ]
4,870
6,396
1,583
What public event was linked with the outbreak?
5,206
[ "farmers' market" ]
[ "A super-spreading ewe infects hundreds with Q fever at a farmers' market in Germany\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1618839/\n\nSHA: ee1b5a9618dcc4080ed100486cedd0969e80fa4d\n\nAuthors: Porten, Klaudia; Rissland, Jürgen; Tigges, Almira; Broll, Susanne; Hopp, Wilfried; Lunemann, Mechthild; van Treec...
[ 0 ]
4,870
6,396
1,583
What causes Q fever?
5,207
[ "Coxiella burnetii (C. burnetii)" ]
[ "A super-spreading ewe infects hundreds with Q fever at a farmers' market in Germany\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1618839/\n\nSHA: ee1b5a9618dcc4080ed100486cedd0969e80fa4d\n\nAuthors: Porten, Klaudia; Rissland, Jürgen; Tigges, Almira; Broll, Susanne; Hopp, Wilfried; Lunemann, Mechthild; van Treec...
[ 1 ]
4,870
6,396
1,583
What is Coxiella burnetii?
5,208
[ "small, gram-negative obligate intracellular bacterium" ]
[ "A super-spreading ewe infects hundreds with Q fever at a farmers' market in Germany\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1618839/\n\nSHA: ee1b5a9618dcc4080ed100486cedd0969e80fa4d\n\nAuthors: Porten, Klaudia; Rissland, Jürgen; Tigges, Almira; Broll, Susanne; Hopp, Wilfried; Lunemann, Mechthild; van Treec...
[ 3 ]
4,870
6,396
1,583
What is the primary reservoir for Coxiella burnetii?
5,209
[ "sheep, goat and cattle" ]
[ "A super-spreading ewe infects hundreds with Q fever at a farmers' market in Germany\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1618839/\n\nSHA: ee1b5a9618dcc4080ed100486cedd0969e80fa4d\n\nAuthors: Porten, Klaudia; Rissland, Jürgen; Tigges, Almira; Broll, Susanne; Hopp, Wilfried; Lunemann, Mechthild; van Treec...
[ 3 ]
4,870
6,396
1,583
How are humans typically infected with Coxiella burnetii?
5,210
[ "inhalation of contaminated aerosols from parturient fluids, placenta or wool" ]
[ "A super-spreading ewe infects hundreds with Q fever at a farmers' market in Germany\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1618839/\n\nSHA: ee1b5a9618dcc4080ed100486cedd0969e80fa4d\n\nAuthors: Porten, Klaudia; Rissland, Jürgen; Tigges, Almira; Broll, Susanne; Hopp, Wilfried; Lunemann, Mechthild; van Treec...
[ 3 ]
4,870
6,396
1,588
What are critical to regulate cellular biological processes?
3,687
[ "long non-coding RNAs" ]
[ "Prediction of lncRNA-protein interactions using HeteSim scores based on heterogeneous networks\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5473862/\n\nSHA: f4f9ea9e0aeb74d3601ee316b84292638c59cc53\n\nAuthors: Xiao, Yun; Zhang, Jingpu; Deng, Lei\nDate: 2017-06-16\nDOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03986-1\nLicense: cc-by...
[ 1 ]
3,288
4,676
1,588
How is the HeteSim measured used?
3,688
[ "calculate the relatedness of objects with the same or different types" ]
[ "Prediction of lncRNA-protein interactions using HeteSim scores based on heterogeneous networks\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5473862/\n\nSHA: f4f9ea9e0aeb74d3601ee316b84292638c59cc53\n\nAuthors: Xiao, Yun; Zhang, Jingpu; Deng, Lei\nDate: 2017-06-16\nDOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03986-1\nLicense: cc-by...
[ 25 ]
3,288
4,676
1,588
What kind of data is included in the STRING database?
3,689
[ "weighted protein interactions" ]
[ "Prediction of lncRNA-protein interactions using HeteSim scores based on heterogeneous networks\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5473862/\n\nSHA: f4f9ea9e0aeb74d3601ee316b84292638c59cc53\n\nAuthors: Xiao, Yun; Zhang, Jingpu; Deng, Lei\nDate: 2017-06-16\nDOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03986-1\nLicense: cc-by...
[ 24 ]
3,288
4,676
1,588
What is the function of MALAT1?
3,690
[ "regulates cell cycle and survival" ]
[ "Prediction of lncRNA-protein interactions using HeteSim scores based on heterogeneous networks\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5473862/\n\nSHA: f4f9ea9e0aeb74d3601ee316b84292638c59cc53\n\nAuthors: Xiao, Yun; Zhang, Jingpu; Deng, Lei\nDate: 2017-06-16\nDOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03986-1\nLicense: cc-by...
[ 17 ]
3,288
4,676
1,589
What test can detect reduced anticoccidial efficacy in the field?
593
[ "faecal oocyst count reduction test (FOCRT)" ]
[ "Controlled efficacy trial confirming toltrazuril resistance in a field isolate of ovine Eimeria spp.\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6034276/\n\nSHA: ef000d8cdab3895e2321286f16cce2b8aea458d1\n\nAuthors: Odden, Ane; Enemark, Heidi L.; Ruiz, Antonio; Robertson, Lucy J.; Ersdal, Cecilie; Nes, Silje K....
[ 1 ]
4,946
7,751
1,589
What is toltrazuril used to treat?
595
[ "anticoccidial" ]
[ "Controlled efficacy trial confirming toltrazuril resistance in a field isolate of ovine Eimeria spp.\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6034276/\n\nSHA: ef000d8cdab3895e2321286f16cce2b8aea458d1\n\nAuthors: Odden, Ane; Enemark, Heidi L.; Ruiz, Antonio; Robertson, Lucy J.; Ersdal, Cecilie; Nes, Silje K....
[ 1 ]
4,946
7,751
1,554
What is multiple evanescent white dot syndrome?
581
[ "a rare, sudden onset of unilateral chorioretinopathy" ]
[ "Multimodal Imaging in an Unusual Cluster of Multiple Evanescent White Dot Syndrome\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5444036/\n\nSHA: ee3cc22161595e877450737882a52950fd179672\n\nAuthors: Gal-Or, Orly; Priel, Ethan; Rosenblatt, Irit; Shulman, Shiri; Kramer, Michal\nDate: 2017-05-11\nDOI: 10.1155/2017/...
[ 3 ]
2,532
3,635
1,554
What precedes about half of the reported cases of MEWDS?
582
[ "flu-like illness" ]
[ "Multimodal Imaging in an Unusual Cluster of Multiple Evanescent White Dot Syndrome\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5444036/\n\nSHA: ee3cc22161595e877450737882a52950fd179672\n\nAuthors: Gal-Or, Orly; Priel, Ethan; Rosenblatt, Irit; Shulman, Shiri; Kramer, Michal\nDate: 2017-05-11\nDOI: 10.1155/2017/...
[ 3 ]
2,532
3,635
1,554
What types of viruses can be diagnosed through serological testing?
583
[ "herpes simplex virus (HSV) I-II, varicella zoster virus (VZV), West Nile virus, coxsackievirus, echovirus (subgroup of enterovirus), and corona virus" ]
[ "Multimodal Imaging in an Unusual Cluster of Multiple Evanescent White Dot Syndrome\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5444036/\n\nSHA: ee3cc22161595e877450737882a52950fd179672\n\nAuthors: Gal-Or, Orly; Priel, Ethan; Rosenblatt, Irit; Shulman, Shiri; Kramer, Michal\nDate: 2017-05-11\nDOI: 10.1155/2017/...
[ 9 ]
2,532
3,635
1,554
What type of clinical test can differentiate multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS) from optic neuritis?
584
[ "multimodal imaging" ]
[ "Multimodal Imaging in an Unusual Cluster of Multiple Evanescent White Dot Syndrome\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5444036/\n\nSHA: ee3cc22161595e877450737882a52950fd179672\n\nAuthors: Gal-Or, Orly; Priel, Ethan; Rosenblatt, Irit; Shulman, Shiri; Kramer, Michal\nDate: 2017-05-11\nDOI: 10.1155/2017/...
[ 1 ]
2,532
3,635
1,568
What were the most common viruses sampled from nasal swabs in Ilorin, Nigeria
1,597
[ "Parainfluenza virus 4, respiratory syncytial virus B and enterovirus" ]
[ "Etiology of respiratory tract infections in the community and clinic in Ilorin, Nigeria\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5719735/\n\nSHA: f2e835d2cde5f42054dbd0c20d4060721135c518\n\nAuthors: Kolawole, Olatunji; Oguntoye, Michael; Dam, Tina; Chunara, Rumi\nDate: 2017-12-07\nDOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-30...
[ 1 ]
2,343
3,293
1,568
What was the most common virus detected in community members in this sample?
1,598
[ "Coronavirus OC43" ]
[ "Etiology of respiratory tract infections in the community and clinic in Ilorin, Nigeria\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5719735/\n\nSHA: f2e835d2cde5f42054dbd0c20d4060721135c518\n\nAuthors: Kolawole, Olatunji; Oguntoye, Michael; Dam, Tina; Chunara, Rumi\nDate: 2017-12-07\nDOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-30...
[ 1 ]
2,343
3,293
1,568
How bad is the burden of disease in developing countries?
1,599
[ "2-5 times higher than in developed countries" ]
[ "Etiology of respiratory tract infections in the community and clinic in Ilorin, Nigeria\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5719735/\n\nSHA: f2e835d2cde5f42054dbd0c20d4060721135c518\n\nAuthors: Kolawole, Olatunji; Oguntoye, Michael; Dam, Tina; Chunara, Rumi\nDate: 2017-12-07\nDOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-30...
[ 3 ]
2,343
3,293
1,568
Where do the majority of all infectious disease outbreaks happen?
1,600
[ "Africa" ]
[ "Etiology of respiratory tract infections in the community and clinic in Ilorin, Nigeria\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5719735/\n\nSHA: f2e835d2cde5f42054dbd0c20d4060721135c518\n\nAuthors: Kolawole, Olatunji; Oguntoye, Michael; Dam, Tina; Chunara, Rumi\nDate: 2017-12-07\nDOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-30...
[ 3 ]
2,343
3,293
1,568
What are some risk factors for countries to experience a high prevalence of Acute Respiratory Infections?
1,601
[ "age, sex, overcrowding, nutritional status, socio-economic status, and where study of ARIs is currently limited" ]
[ "Etiology of respiratory tract infections in the community and clinic in Ilorin, Nigeria\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5719735/\n\nSHA: f2e835d2cde5f42054dbd0c20d4060721135c518\n\nAuthors: Kolawole, Olatunji; Oguntoye, Michael; Dam, Tina; Chunara, Rumi\nDate: 2017-12-07\nDOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-30...
[ 5 ]
2,343
3,293
1,568
What symptoms are associated with acute respiratory infections?
1,602
[ "sore throat, fever, couch, running nose, vomiting, body ache, leg pain, nausea, chills, shortness of breath" ]
[ "Etiology of respiratory tract infections in the community and clinic in Ilorin, Nigeria\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5719735/\n\nSHA: f2e835d2cde5f42054dbd0c20d4060721135c518\n\nAuthors: Kolawole, Olatunji; Oguntoye, Michael; Dam, Tina; Chunara, Rumi\nDate: 2017-12-07\nDOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-30...
[ 10 ]
2,343
3,293
1,568
What was the most common virus detected in community samples in Ilorin, Nigeria?
1,603
[ "Coronavirus OC43" ]
[ "Etiology of respiratory tract infections in the community and clinic in Ilorin, Nigeria\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5719735/\n\nSHA: f2e835d2cde5f42054dbd0c20d4060721135c518\n\nAuthors: Kolawole, Olatunji; Oguntoye, Michael; Dam, Tina; Chunara, Rumi\nDate: 2017-12-07\nDOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-30...
[ 1 ]
2,343
3,293
1,568
What was the prevalence of Coronavirus OC43 in community samples in Ilorin, Nigeria?
1,604
[ "13.3% (95% CI 6.9-23.6%)" ]
[ "Etiology of respiratory tract infections in the community and clinic in Ilorin, Nigeria\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5719735/\n\nSHA: f2e835d2cde5f42054dbd0c20d4060721135c518\n\nAuthors: Kolawole, Olatunji; Oguntoye, Michael; Dam, Tina; Chunara, Rumi\nDate: 2017-12-07\nDOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-30...
[ 15 ]
2,343
3,293
1,568
What was the prevalence of Coronavirus OC 229 E/NL63 in clinical subjects in Ilorin, Nigeria?
1,605
[ "12.5%" ]
[ "Etiology of respiratory tract infections in the community and clinic in Ilorin, Nigeria\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5719735/\n\nSHA: f2e835d2cde5f42054dbd0c20d4060721135c518\n\nAuthors: Kolawole, Olatunji; Oguntoye, Michael; Dam, Tina; Chunara, Rumi\nDate: 2017-12-07\nDOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-30...
[ 15 ]
2,343
3,293
1,568
What was the difference between community and clinic cases of acute respiratory infections?
1,606
[ "increased severity of illness in the clinical sample" ]
[ "Etiology of respiratory tract infections in the community and clinic in Ilorin, Nigeria\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5719735/\n\nSHA: f2e835d2cde5f42054dbd0c20d4060721135c518\n\nAuthors: Kolawole, Olatunji; Oguntoye, Michael; Dam, Tina; Chunara, Rumi\nDate: 2017-12-07\nDOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-30...
[ 16 ]
2,343
3,293
1,568
How can countries enhance public health surveillance?
1,607
[ "active community surveillance" ]
[ "Etiology of respiratory tract infections in the community and clinic in Ilorin, Nigeria\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5719735/\n\nSHA: f2e835d2cde5f42054dbd0c20d4060721135c518\n\nAuthors: Kolawole, Olatunji; Oguntoye, Michael; Dam, Tina; Chunara, Rumi\nDate: 2017-12-07\nDOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-30...
[ 19 ]
2,343
3,293
1,566
Why do respiratory tract infections pose major public health problems?
1,608
[ "world-wide occurrence, ease of transmission and considerable morbidity and mortality effecting people of all ages" ]
[ "Aetiology of Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in Hospitalised Children in Cyprus\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4720120/\n\nSHA: efd27ff0ac04dd60838266386aaebb5df80f4fa9\n\nAuthors: Richter, Jan; Panayiotou, Christakis; Tryfonos, Christina; Koptides, Dana; Koliou, Maria; Kalogirou, Nikolas; Geor...
[ 3 ]
2,263
3,213
1,566
How much of a greater risk are children than adults to viral infections?
1,609
[ "two to three times more frequently" ]
[ "Aetiology of Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in Hospitalised Children in Cyprus\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4720120/\n\nSHA: efd27ff0ac04dd60838266386aaebb5df80f4fa9\n\nAuthors: Richter, Jan; Panayiotou, Christakis; Tryfonos, Christina; Koptides, Dana; Koliou, Maria; Kalogirou, Nikolas; Geor...
[ 3 ]
2,263
3,213
1,566
What is the most common infection in childhood?
1,610
[ "acute RTI" ]
[ "Aetiology of Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in Hospitalised Children in Cyprus\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4720120/\n\nSHA: efd27ff0ac04dd60838266386aaebb5df80f4fa9\n\nAuthors: Richter, Jan; Panayiotou, Christakis; Tryfonos, Christina; Koptides, Dana; Koliou, Maria; Kalogirou, Nikolas; Geor...
[ 3 ]
2,263
3,213
1,566
What can respiratory viruses cause?
1,611
[ "common colds, pharyngitis, croup, bronchiolitis, viral pneumonia and otitis media" ]
[ "Aetiology of Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in Hospitalised Children in Cyprus\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4720120/\n\nSHA: efd27ff0ac04dd60838266386aaebb5df80f4fa9\n\nAuthors: Richter, Jan; Panayiotou, Christakis; Tryfonos, Christina; Koptides, Dana; Koliou, Maria; Kalogirou, Nikolas; Geor...
[ 3 ]
2,263
3,213
1,566
When do respiratory infections usually happen?
1,613
[ "during winter and early spring months" ]
[ "Aetiology of Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in Hospitalised Children in Cyprus\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4720120/\n\nSHA: efd27ff0ac04dd60838266386aaebb5df80f4fa9\n\nAuthors: Richter, Jan; Panayiotou, Christakis; Tryfonos, Christina; Koptides, Dana; Koliou, Maria; Kalogirou, Nikolas; Geor...
[ 4 ]
2,263
3,213
1,566
What are the most common viruses?
1,614
[ "respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza A and B (INF-A, INF-B) viruses, parainfluenza viruses (PIVs), and human adenoviruses (HAdVs)" ]
[ "Aetiology of Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in Hospitalised Children in Cyprus\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4720120/\n\nSHA: efd27ff0ac04dd60838266386aaebb5df80f4fa9\n\nAuthors: Richter, Jan; Panayiotou, Christakis; Tryfonos, Christina; Koptides, Dana; Koliou, Maria; Kalogirou, Nikolas; Geor...
[ 4 ]
2,263
3,213
1,566
What is the most common viral infection for infants up to 3 months old?
1,629
[ "RSV" ]
[ "Aetiology of Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in Hospitalised Children in Cyprus\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4720120/\n\nSHA: efd27ff0ac04dd60838266386aaebb5df80f4fa9\n\nAuthors: Richter, Jan; Panayiotou, Christakis; Tryfonos, Christina; Koptides, Dana; Koliou, Maria; Kalogirou, Nikolas; Geor...
[ 1 ]
2,263
3,213
1,566
What is the incidence of RSV in children older than 3 years of age?
1,630
[ "13%" ]
[ "Aetiology of Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in Hospitalised Children in Cyprus\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4720120/\n\nSHA: efd27ff0ac04dd60838266386aaebb5df80f4fa9\n\nAuthors: Richter, Jan; Panayiotou, Christakis; Tryfonos, Christina; Koptides, Dana; Koliou, Maria; Kalogirou, Nikolas; Geor...
[ 15 ]
2,263
3,213
1,548
What is the distance between the p4.7 and p12.7 genes in the Irish versus Japanese equine coronavirus variants?
2,125
[ "544 base pairs" ]
[ "The First Detection of Equine Coronavirus in Adult Horses and Foals in Ireland\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6832964/\n\nSHA: eee5a9068ade4c6776f189045115a90a5785e983\n\nAuthors: Nemoto, Manabu; Schofield, Warren; Cullinane, Ann\nDate: 2019-10-14\nDOI: 10.3390/v11100946\nLicense: cc-by", "Abstr...
[ 11 ]
2,395
3,574
1,548
What is the difference between the Tokachi09 and Irish coronavirus genomic sequences?
2,126
[ "148-nucleotide insertion" ]
[ "The First Detection of Equine Coronavirus in Adult Horses and Foals in Ireland\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6832964/\n\nSHA: eee5a9068ade4c6776f189045115a90a5785e983\n\nAuthors: Nemoto, Manabu; Schofield, Warren; Cullinane, Ann\nDate: 2019-10-14\nDOI: 10.3390/v11100946\nLicense: cc-by", "Abstr...
[ 11 ]
2,395
3,574
1,548
What suggests that Irish equine coronaviruses may have a low genetic diversity?
2,127
[ "high level of homology between viruses" ]
[ "The First Detection of Equine Coronavirus in Adult Horses and Foals in Ireland\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6832964/\n\nSHA: eee5a9068ade4c6776f189045115a90a5785e983\n\nAuthors: Nemoto, Manabu; Schofield, Warren; Cullinane, Ann\nDate: 2019-10-14\nDOI: 10.3390/v11100946\nLicense: cc-by", "Abstr...
[ 13 ]
2,395
3,574
1,548
Where have most outbreaks of equine coronavirus occurred in the United States?
2,128
[ "adult riding, racing and show horses" ]
[ "The First Detection of Equine Coronavirus in Adult Horses and Foals in Ireland\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6832964/\n\nSHA: eee5a9068ade4c6776f189045115a90a5785e983\n\nAuthors: Nemoto, Manabu; Schofield, Warren; Cullinane, Ann\nDate: 2019-10-14\nDOI: 10.3390/v11100946\nLicense: cc-by", "Abstr...
[ 14 ]
2,395
3,574
1,574
What kind of pertussis vaccine is used in middle and high income countries?
2,167
[ "acellular" ]
[ "Population-Based Pertussis Incidence and Risk Factors in Infants Less Than 6 Months in Nepal\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5907881/\n\nSHA: ef821e34873d4752ecae41cd9dfc08a5e6db45e2\n\nAuthors: Hughes, Michelle M; Englund, Janet A; Kuypers, Jane; Tielsch, James M; Khatry, Subarna K; Shrestha, Laxm...
[ 3 ]
3,502
4,996
1,574
Where is the highest rate of childhood pertussis globally?
2,168
[ "Southeast Asia" ]
[ "Population-Based Pertussis Incidence and Risk Factors in Infants Less Than 6 Months in Nepal\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5907881/\n\nSHA: ef821e34873d4752ecae41cd9dfc08a5e6db45e2\n\nAuthors: Hughes, Michelle M; Englund, Janet A; Kuypers, Jane; Tielsch, James M; Khatry, Subarna K; Shrestha, Laxm...
[ 5 ]
3,502
4,996
1,574
What type of pertussis vaccine has been recently recommended by the WHO?
2,169
[ "whole cell pertussis vaccines" ]
[ "Population-Based Pertussis Incidence and Risk Factors in Infants Less Than 6 Months in Nepal\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5907881/\n\nSHA: ef821e34873d4752ecae41cd9dfc08a5e6db45e2\n\nAuthors: Hughes, Michelle M; Englund, Janet A; Kuypers, Jane; Tielsch, James M; Khatry, Subarna K; Shrestha, Laxm...
[ 5 ]
3,502
4,996
1,574
What are the clinical symptoms of pertussis?
2,170
[ "apnea, cyanosis, cough with vomit, or whoop/whooping cough" ]
[ "Population-Based Pertussis Incidence and Risk Factors in Infants Less Than 6 Months in Nepal\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5907881/\n\nSHA: ef821e34873d4752ecae41cd9dfc08a5e6db45e2\n\nAuthors: Hughes, Michelle M; Englund, Janet A; Kuypers, Jane; Tielsch, James M; Khatry, Subarna K; Shrestha, Laxm...
[ 9 ]
3,502
4,996
1,574
What type of swabs are used to sample patients with pertussis?
2,171
[ "mid-nasal nylon flocked" ]
[ "Population-Based Pertussis Incidence and Risk Factors in Infants Less Than 6 Months in Nepal\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5907881/\n\nSHA: ef821e34873d4752ecae41cd9dfc08a5e6db45e2\n\nAuthors: Hughes, Michelle M; Englund, Janet A; Kuypers, Jane; Tielsch, James M; Khatry, Subarna K; Shrestha, Laxm...
[ 9 ]
3,502
4,996
1,574
How frequently do pertussis outbreaks peak?
2,173
[ "every 2 to 4 years" ]
[ "Population-Based Pertussis Incidence and Risk Factors in Infants Less Than 6 Months in Nepal\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5907881/\n\nSHA: ef821e34873d4752ecae41cd9dfc08a5e6db45e2\n\nAuthors: Hughes, Michelle M; Englund, Janet A; Kuypers, Jane; Tielsch, James M; Khatry, Subarna K; Shrestha, Laxm...
[ 23 ]
3,502
4,996
1,574
What is the WHO criteria for a pertussis infection?
2,174
[ "a minimum of 2 weeks of cough, whoop, or posttussive vomiting" ]
[ "Population-Based Pertussis Incidence and Risk Factors in Infants Less Than 6 Months in Nepal\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5907881/\n\nSHA: ef821e34873d4752ecae41cd9dfc08a5e6db45e2\n\nAuthors: Hughes, Michelle M; Englund, Janet A; Kuypers, Jane; Tielsch, James M; Khatry, Subarna K; Shrestha, Laxm...
[ 24 ]
3,502
4,996
1,581
What is used by the Canadian Public Health System to identify periods of influenza activity?
2,175
[ "weekly proportion of laboratory tests that are positive for influenza" ]
[ "Estimating Sensitivity of Laboratory Testing for Influenza in Canada through Modelling\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2722738/\n\nSHA: f3a5b128f4800dbbb0f49ee409acb2c0216e24dc\n\nAuthors: Schanzer, Dena L.; Garner, Michael J.; Hatchette, Todd F.; Langley, Joanne M.; Aziz, Samina; Tam, Theresa W. S...
[ 1 ]
3,296
4,246
1,581
Why is laboratory confirmation of influenza infection not commonly performed?
2,176
[ "diagnosis will often not alter patient management, a paucity of real-time, accurate, inexpensive testing methods [4] and because influenza is not recognized as the etiology of the clinical presentation" ]
[ "Estimating Sensitivity of Laboratory Testing for Influenza in Canada through Modelling\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2722738/\n\nSHA: f3a5b128f4800dbbb0f49ee409acb2c0216e24dc\n\nAuthors: Schanzer, Dena L.; Garner, Michael J.; Hatchette, Todd F.; Langley, Joanne M.; Aziz, Samina; Tam, Theresa W. S...
[ 3 ]
3,296
4,246
1,581
What types of viral infections are monitored through Canada's Respiratory Virus Detection Surveillance System (RVDSS)?
2,177
[ "nfluenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), para-influenza virus (PIV), and adenovirus" ]
[ "Estimating Sensitivity of Laboratory Testing for Influenza in Canada through Modelling\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2722738/\n\nSHA: f3a5b128f4800dbbb0f49ee409acb2c0216e24dc\n\nAuthors: Schanzer, Dena L.; Garner, Michael J.; Hatchette, Todd F.; Langley, Joanne M.; Aziz, Samina; Tam, Theresa W. S...
[ 6 ]
3,296
4,246
1,593
What is discussed in this publication?
2,466
[ "the potential anti-virus activity of inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), a well characterized effector of the cellular homeostatic response to an overloading of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein-folding capacity. IRE1, an ER-membrane-resident ribonuclease (RNase), upon activation catalyses regulated cleavage ...
[ "Can’t RIDD off viruses\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4061530/\n\nSHA: ef58c6e2790539f30df14acc260ae2af4b5f3d1f\n\nAuthors: Bhattacharyya, Sankar\nDate: 2014-06-18\nDOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00292\nLicense: cc-by", "Abstract: The mammalian genome has evolved to encode a battery of mechanisms, to m...
[ 1 ]
4,517
6,747
1,593
What is discussed in this publication?
2,467
[ "The review first discusses the anti-viral mechanism of the OAS/RNaseL system and evasion tactics employed by different viruses. This is followed by a review of the RIDD pathway and its potential effect on the stability of viral RNAs." ]
[ "Can’t RIDD off viruses\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4061530/\n\nSHA: ef58c6e2790539f30df14acc260ae2af4b5f3d1f\n\nAuthors: Bhattacharyya, Sankar\nDate: 2014-06-18\nDOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00292\nLicense: cc-by", "Abstract: The mammalian genome has evolved to encode a battery of mechanisms, to m...
[ 2 ]
4,517
6,747
1,593
What is reported in this publication?
2,468
[ "comparison of the enzymatic activity of the two RNases followed by deliberations on the physiological consequences of their activation." ]
[ "Can’t RIDD off viruses\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4061530/\n\nSHA: ef58c6e2790539f30df14acc260ae2af4b5f3d1f\n\nAuthors: Bhattacharyya, Sankar\nDate: 2014-06-18\nDOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00292\nLicense: cc-by", "Abstract: The mammalian genome has evolved to encode a battery of mechanisms, to m...
[ 2 ]
4,517
6,747
1,593
What is the conclusion regarding IRE1 and RNaseL proteins?
2,469
[ "In the context of a virus infection, the pathway leading from both these proteins have the potential to lead to cell death. Notwithstanding the fact that this might be an efficient way of virus clearance, it also portends pathological outcomes for the infected organism. Future research would probably lead to desig...
[ "Can’t RIDD off viruses\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4061530/\n\nSHA: ef58c6e2790539f30df14acc260ae2af4b5f3d1f\n\nAuthors: Bhattacharyya, Sankar\nDate: 2014-06-18\nDOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00292\nLicense: cc-by", "Abstract: The mammalian genome has evolved to encode a battery of mechanisms, to m...
[ 34 ]
4,517
6,747
1,550
What is the structure of an Echovirus?
2,988
[ "nonenveloped, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA" ]
[ "Nearly Complete Genome Sequence of an Echovirus 30 Strain from a Cluster of Aseptic Meningitis Cases in California, September 2017\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6953510/\n\nSHA: f0c4d40e1879dd1a049298f151940ac168b5f5a7\n\nAuthors: Pan, Chao-Yang; Huynh, Thalia; Padilla, Tasha; Chen, Alice; Ng, Te...
[ 1 ]
818
1,390
1,550
What diseases are associated with echoviruses?
2,989
[ "respiratory illness, hand-foot-and-mouth disease, and aseptic meningitis," ]
[ "Nearly Complete Genome Sequence of an Echovirus 30 Strain from a Cluster of Aseptic Meningitis Cases in California, September 2017\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6953510/\n\nSHA: f0c4d40e1879dd1a049298f151940ac168b5f5a7\n\nAuthors: Pan, Chao-Yang; Huynh, Thalia; Padilla, Tasha; Chen, Alice; Ng, Te...
[ 1 ]
818
1,390
1,550
In California, to where are meningitis cases reported according to the California Code of Regulations?
2,990
[ "California Department of Public Health (CDPH)" ]
[ "Nearly Complete Genome Sequence of an Echovirus 30 Strain from a Cluster of Aseptic Meningitis Cases in California, September 2017\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6953510/\n\nSHA: f0c4d40e1879dd1a049298f151940ac168b5f5a7\n\nAuthors: Pan, Chao-Yang; Huynh, Thalia; Padilla, Tasha; Chen, Alice; Ng, Te...
[ 2 ]
818
1,390
1,550
According to the California Code of Regulations, when should a meningitis case be reported?
2,991
[ "within 1 day of identification" ]
[ "Nearly Complete Genome Sequence of an Echovirus 30 Strain from a Cluster of Aseptic Meningitis Cases in California, September 2017\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6953510/\n\nSHA: f0c4d40e1879dd1a049298f151940ac168b5f5a7\n\nAuthors: Pan, Chao-Yang; Huynh, Thalia; Padilla, Tasha; Chen, Alice; Ng, Te...
[ 2 ]
818
1,390
1,550
Where is the Viral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory located?
2,992
[ "CDPH" ]
[ "Nearly Complete Genome Sequence of an Echovirus 30 Strain from a Cluster of Aseptic Meningitis Cases in California, September 2017\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6953510/\n\nSHA: f0c4d40e1879dd1a049298f151940ac168b5f5a7\n\nAuthors: Pan, Chao-Yang; Huynh, Thalia; Padilla, Tasha; Chen, Alice; Ng, Te...
[ 2 ]
818
1,390
1,550
What type of reference genome was used in the study?
2,993
[ "E-30" ]
[ "Nearly Complete Genome Sequence of an Echovirus 30 Strain from a Cluster of Aseptic Meningitis Cases in California, September 2017\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6953510/\n\nSHA: f0c4d40e1879dd1a049298f151940ac168b5f5a7\n\nAuthors: Pan, Chao-Yang; Huynh, Thalia; Padilla, Tasha; Chen, Alice; Ng, Te...
[ 2 ]
818
1,390
1,550
What was the read coverage for the E-30 genome in this study?
2,994
[ "260-fold" ]
[ "Nearly Complete Genome Sequence of an Echovirus 30 Strain from a Cluster of Aseptic Meningitis Cases in California, September 2017\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6953510/\n\nSHA: f0c4d40e1879dd1a049298f151940ac168b5f5a7\n\nAuthors: Pan, Chao-Yang; Huynh, Thalia; Padilla, Tasha; Chen, Alice; Ng, Te...
[ 4 ]
818
1,390
1,550
What are the structural regions of the enterovirus polyprotein in this study?
2,995
[ "one structural (P1-capsid) and two nonstructural (P2 and P3) regions" ]
[ "Nearly Complete Genome Sequence of an Echovirus 30 Strain from a Cluster of Aseptic Meningitis Cases in California, September 2017\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6953510/\n\nSHA: f0c4d40e1879dd1a049298f151940ac168b5f5a7\n\nAuthors: Pan, Chao-Yang; Huynh, Thalia; Padilla, Tasha; Chen, Alice; Ng, Te...
[ 6 ]
818
1,390
1,572
What can nuclear receptors regulate?
1,635
[ "homeostasis, differentiation, embryonic development, and organ physiology" ]
[ "iNR-Drug: Predicting the Interaction of Drugs with Nuclear Receptors in Cellular Networking\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3975431/\n\nSHA: ee55aea26f816403476a7cb71816b8ecb1110329\n\nAuthors: Fan, Yue-Nong; Xiao, Xuan; Min, Jian-Liang; Chou, Kuo-Chen\nDate: 2014-03-19\nDOI: 10.3390/ijms15034915\n...
[ 3 ]
4,019
5,821
1,572
What are associated with cancer, diabetes, inflammatory disease, and osteoporosis?
3,258
[ "Nuclear receptors (NRs)" ]
[ "iNR-Drug: Predicting the Interaction of Drugs with Nuclear Receptors in Cellular Networking\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3975431/\n\nSHA: ee55aea26f816403476a7cb71816b8ecb1110329\n\nAuthors: Fan, Yue-Nong; Xiao, Xuan; Min, Jian-Liang; Chou, Kuo-Chen\nDate: 2014-03-19\nDOI: 10.3390/ijms15034915\n...
[ 1 ]
4,019
5,821
1,572
What are nuclear receptors (NRs)?
3,259
[ "class of ligand-inducible transcription factors" ]
[ "iNR-Drug: Predicting the Interaction of Drugs with Nuclear Receptors in Cellular Networking\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3975431/\n\nSHA: ee55aea26f816403476a7cb71816b8ecb1110329\n\nAuthors: Fan, Yue-Nong; Xiao, Xuan; Min, Jian-Liang; Chou, Kuo-Chen\nDate: 2014-03-19\nDOI: 10.3390/ijms15034915\n...
[ 3 ]
4,019
5,821
1,572
What biological factors for nuclear receptors regulate?
3,260
[ "homeostasis, differentiation, embryonic development, and organ physiology" ]
[ "iNR-Drug: Predicting the Interaction of Drugs with Nuclear Receptors in Cellular Networking\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3975431/\n\nSHA: ee55aea26f816403476a7cb71816b8ecb1110329\n\nAuthors: Fan, Yue-Nong; Xiao, Xuan; Min, Jian-Liang; Chou, Kuo-Chen\nDate: 2014-03-19\nDOI: 10.3390/ijms15034915\n...
[ 3 ]
4,019
5,821
1,572
How many families are in the NR superfamily?
3,261
[ "seven" ]
[ "iNR-Drug: Predicting the Interaction of Drugs with Nuclear Receptors in Cellular Networking\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3975431/\n\nSHA: ee55aea26f816403476a7cb71816b8ecb1110329\n\nAuthors: Fan, Yue-Nong; Xiao, Xuan; Min, Jian-Liang; Chou, Kuo-Chen\nDate: 2014-03-19\nDOI: 10.3390/ijms15034915\n...
[ 3 ]
4,019
5,821
1,572
What is a prerequisite to make a molecular docking study feasible?
3,262
[ "a reliable 3D (three dimensional) structure of the target protein" ]
[ "iNR-Drug: Predicting the Interaction of Drugs with Nuclear Receptors in Cellular Networking\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3975431/\n\nSHA: ee55aea26f816403476a7cb71816b8ecb1110329\n\nAuthors: Fan, Yue-Nong; Xiao, Xuan; Min, Jian-Liang; Chou, Kuo-Chen\nDate: 2014-03-19\nDOI: 10.3390/ijms15034915\n...
[ 4 ]
4,019
5,821
1,572
What tool can be used to determine the 3D structure of proteins?
3,263
[ "X-ray crystallography" ]
[ "iNR-Drug: Predicting the Interaction of Drugs with Nuclear Receptors in Cellular Networking\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3975431/\n\nSHA: ee55aea26f816403476a7cb71816b8ecb1110329\n\nAuthors: Fan, Yue-Nong; Xiao, Xuan; Min, Jian-Liang; Chou, Kuo-Chen\nDate: 2014-03-19\nDOI: 10.3390/ijms15034915\n...
[ 4 ]
4,019
5,821
1,572
What are the shortcomings of X-ray crystallography?
3,264
[ "time-consuming and expensive" ]
[ "iNR-Drug: Predicting the Interaction of Drugs with Nuclear Receptors in Cellular Networking\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3975431/\n\nSHA: ee55aea26f816403476a7cb71816b8ecb1110329\n\nAuthors: Fan, Yue-Nong; Xiao, Xuan; Min, Jian-Liang; Chou, Kuo-Chen\nDate: 2014-03-19\nDOI: 10.3390/ijms15034915\n...
[ 4 ]
4,019
5,821
1,572
What types of proteins are difficult to crystallize?
3,265
[ "membrane proteins" ]
[ "iNR-Drug: Predicting the Interaction of Drugs with Nuclear Receptors in Cellular Networking\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3975431/\n\nSHA: ee55aea26f816403476a7cb71816b8ecb1110329\n\nAuthors: Fan, Yue-Nong; Xiao, Xuan; Min, Jian-Liang; Chou, Kuo-Chen\nDate: 2014-03-19\nDOI: 10.3390/ijms15034915\n...
[ 4 ]
4,019
5,821
1,572
Where were the data collected for this study?
3,266
[ "KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes)" ]
[ "iNR-Drug: Predicting the Interaction of Drugs with Nuclear Receptors in Cellular Networking\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3975431/\n\nSHA: ee55aea26f816403476a7cb71816b8ecb1110329\n\nAuthors: Fan, Yue-Nong; Xiao, Xuan; Min, Jian-Liang; Chou, Kuo-Chen\nDate: 2014-03-19\nDOI: 10.3390/ijms15034915\n...
[ 9 ]
4,019
5,821
1,576
Who performed the sampling procedures?
3,680
[ "veterinarians" ]
[ "Characterization of a New Member of Alphacoronavirus with Unique Genomic Features in Rhinolophus Bats\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6521148/\n\nSHA: ee14de143337eec0e9708f8139bfac2b7b8fdd27\n\nAuthors: Wang, Ning; Luo, Chuming; Liu, Haizhou; Yang, Xinglou; Hu, Ben; Zhang, Wei; Li, Bei; Zhu, Yan; ...
[ 4 ]
4,380
7,024
1,576
When were the fecal samples collected?
3,681
[ "from November 2004 to November 2014" ]
[ "Characterization of a New Member of Alphacoronavirus with Unique Genomic Features in Rhinolophus Bats\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6521148/\n\nSHA: ee14de143337eec0e9708f8139bfac2b7b8fdd27\n\nAuthors: Wang, Ning; Luo, Chuming; Liu, Haizhou; Yang, Xinglou; Hu, Ben; Zhang, Wei; Li, Bei; Zhu, Yan; ...
[ 4 ]
4,380
7,024
1,576
What reference genome was used in the study?
3,682
[ "BatCoV HKU10" ]
[ "Characterization of a New Member of Alphacoronavirus with Unique Genomic Features in Rhinolophus Bats\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6521148/\n\nSHA: ee14de143337eec0e9708f8139bfac2b7b8fdd27\n\nAuthors: Wang, Ning; Luo, Chuming; Liu, Haizhou; Yang, Xinglou; Hu, Ben; Zhang, Wei; Li, Bei; Zhu, Yan; ...
[ 8 ]
4,380
7,024
1,576
What is the length of the replicase gene ORF1ab?
3,684
[ "20.4 kb" ]
[ "Characterization of a New Member of Alphacoronavirus with Unique Genomic Features in Rhinolophus Bats\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6521148/\n\nSHA: ee14de143337eec0e9708f8139bfac2b7b8fdd27\n\nAuthors: Wang, Ning; Luo, Chuming; Liu, Haizhou; Yang, Xinglou; Hu, Ben; Zhang, Wei; Li, Bei; Zhu, Yan; ...
[ 20 ]
4,380
7,024
1,576
What type of coronavirus was detected in R. affinis and R. sinicus species?
3,683
[ "BtCoV/Rh/YN2012" ]
[ "Characterization of a New Member of Alphacoronavirus with Unique Genomic Features in Rhinolophus Bats\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6521148/\n\nSHA: ee14de143337eec0e9708f8139bfac2b7b8fdd27\n\nAuthors: Wang, Ning; Luo, Chuming; Liu, Haizhou; Yang, Xinglou; Hu, Ben; Zhang, Wei; Li, Bei; Zhu, Yan; ...
[ 1 ]
4,380
7,024
1,576
What is a natural reservoir of coronavirus?
3,675
[ "Bats" ]
[ "Characterization of a New Member of Alphacoronavirus with Unique Genomic Features in Rhinolophus Bats\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6521148/\n\nSHA: ee14de143337eec0e9708f8139bfac2b7b8fdd27\n\nAuthors: Wang, Ning; Luo, Chuming; Liu, Haizhou; Yang, Xinglou; Hu, Ben; Zhang, Wei; Li, Bei; Zhu, Yan; ...
[ 0 ]
4,380
7,024
1,576
What is the genome size of the coronavirus?
3,676
[ "26-32 kb" ]
[ "Characterization of a New Member of Alphacoronavirus with Unique Genomic Features in Rhinolophus Bats\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6521148/\n\nSHA: ee14de143337eec0e9708f8139bfac2b7b8fdd27\n\nAuthors: Wang, Ning; Luo, Chuming; Liu, Haizhou; Yang, Xinglou; Hu, Ben; Zhang, Wei; Li, Bei; Zhu, Yan; ...
[ 3 ]
4,380
7,024
1,576
What is the structure of the coronavirus?
3,677
[ "enveloped, non-segmented, positive-strand RNA viruses" ]
[ "Characterization of a New Member of Alphacoronavirus with Unique Genomic Features in Rhinolophus Bats\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6521148/\n\nSHA: ee14de143337eec0e9708f8139bfac2b7b8fdd27\n\nAuthors: Wang, Ning; Luo, Chuming; Liu, Haizhou; Yang, Xinglou; Hu, Ben; Zhang, Wei; Li, Bei; Zhu, Yan; ...
[ 3 ]
4,380
7,024
1,576
What animals do gamma and delta coronavirus mainly infect?
3,678
[ "birds" ]
[ "Characterization of a New Member of Alphacoronavirus with Unique Genomic Features in Rhinolophus Bats\n\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6521148/\n\nSHA: ee14de143337eec0e9708f8139bfac2b7b8fdd27\n\nAuthors: Wang, Ning; Luo, Chuming; Liu, Haizhou; Yang, Xinglou; Hu, Ben; Zhang, Wei; Li, Bei; Zhu, Yan; ...
[ 3 ]
4,380
7,024